Objective

2

To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of low-dose azacitidine combined with

Xuesusheng Granules

in the treatment of elderly patients with low-risk myelodysplastic neoplasms.

Method

2

A total of 73 elderly inpatients with low-risk myelodysplastic neoplasms admitted to the Hematology Department of Langfang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from January 2022 to January 2024 were screened， and 67 cases were finally included. Using the random number table method， patients were divided into two groups. Specifi

cally， 32 cases in the control group were treated with azacitidine， and 35 cases in the observation group were treated with azacitidine combined with

Xuesusheng Granules

. One treatment course lasted four weeks， for a total of three consecutive courses. Clinical efficacy was evaluated by both Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） standards. Hematological indicators ［absolute neutrophil count （ANC），hemoglobin （HB），reticulocyte percentage （RE），platelet （PLT） count， serum ferritin （FER），lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）］，TCM syndrome scores， and quality of life ［Karnofsky performance status （KPS）］ were compared before and after treatment.

Results

2

After treatment， HB increased in both groups （

P

<

0.05）， with the observation group showing higher HB than the control group （

P

<

0.05）. PLT and ANC increased in both groups compared with baseline （

P

<

0.05）， but there was no significant difference between groups （

P

>

0.05）. RE， FER， and LDH showed no significant within-group or between-group differences （

P

>

0.05）. The overall hematological improvement rate in the observation group was 71.43%， and the total effective rate of Western medicine efficacy was 82.85%， both significantly higher than those in the control group （65.62% and 78.13%， respectively；

P

<

0.05）. After treatment， the control group showed lower TCM scores for sallow complexion， pale lips and nails， dizziness and vertigo， shortness of breath with reluctance to speak， fatigue and weakness， and chest tightness with palpitations compared with those before treatment （

P

<

0.05）. In the observation group， all TCM syndrome scores were lower than those before treatment （

P

<

0.05）. Compared with the control group， the observation group showed greater improvement in complexion， dizziness， insomnia and dreaminess， tinnitus and blurred vision， shortness of breath and relu

ctance to speak， fatigue and weakness， and chest tightness and palpitations （

P

<

0.05）. The total effective rate of TCM syndrome in the observation group was 85.71%， higher than 75.00% in the control group （

P

<

0.05）. KPS scores increased in both groups after treatment （

P

<

0.05）， with the observation group scoring higher than the control group （

P

<

0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group， but the difference was not statistically significant （

P

>

0.05）.

Conclusion

2

Low-dose azacitidine combined with

Xuesusheng Granules

shows significant efficacy in elderly patients with low-risk myelodysplastic neoplasms. It can effectively improve hematological indicators and clinical symptoms， enhance quality of life， and demonstrates good safety.