Objective To explore the differences and characteristics of metabolites of hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy（,1,H-MRS）in the prefrontal white matter in patients with major depression accompanied by anxiety（MDA）of liver-qi stagnation（LQS）and heart-spleen deficiency（HSD）syndrome, and to provide data support for the study of TCM syndrome patterns of depression.Methods Hamilton Depression Scale（HAMD）and Hamilton Anxiety Scale（HAMA）were used to evaluate 40 depression patients with anxiety（20 LQS patients and 20 HSD patients）and 19 healthy controls（NC）.,1,H-MRS was used to scan the white matter of prefrontal lobe of three groups, and then n-acetylaspartic acid（NAA）,choline（CHO）,creatinine（CR）,Inositol（MI）and other indicators were detected and analyzed.Results The scores of HAMD and HAMA in the HSD group were significantly higher than those in the LQS group（P ,<, 0.05）; the values of NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr in HSD group, Cho/Cr in the LQS group were significantly lower than those in the NC group（P,<, 0.05）,while the values of NAA/Cr in the HSD group were significantly lower than those in the LQS group（P,<, 0.05）,the difference of MI/Cr of three groups were not statistically significant.Conclusion The occurrence of depression with anxiety may be related to the decrease of NAA and Cho contents in bilateral prefrontal cortex, which suggests that the depression and anxiety of these patients may be very serious and easy to recur, the depression and anxiety symptoms and neuron function damage in HSD patients were more serious than those in LQS patients.