Objective,2,To observe the correlation between different TCM syndrome types and laboratory indexes in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD），and explore its differential diagnosis value for different TCM syndrome types.,Methods,2,A collection of 1 693 patients（642 cases received blood routine test，580 cases received coagulation test，471 cases received biochemical test） who met the diagnostic criteria for acute exacerbation of COPD in the Department of Pulmonology，Xiyuan Hospital，China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from November 2018 to August 2020，were divided into 3 groups according to syndrome differentiation of TCM，namely，phlegm-heat accumulating in the lung group of 331，306 and 254 cases received blood routine，coagulation and biochemical test，phlegm-blood stasis accumulating group of 116，104 and 92 cases received blood routine，coagulation and biochemical test，and lung，spleen and kidney deficiency group of 195，195 and 125 cases received blood routine，coagulation and biochemical test.The blood routine，coagulation and biochemical indicators in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD of three groups were compared，the receiver's operating characteristic（ROC）curve were drawn，and the diagnostic performance of the observed indicators in different syndromes was evaluated.,Results,2,Lym# and TP in the phlegm-heat accumulating in the lung group were higher than those in the lung-spleen-kidney deficiency group（,P,<,0.05），RDW⁃CV，RDW⁃SD，APTT，D⁃D，NT⁃proBNP in the lung-spleen-kidney deficiency group were higher than those in the phlegm-heat accumulating in the lung group（,P,<,0.05）；MCV，RDW⁃SD，D⁃D，NT⁃proBNP and UA in the phlegm-blood stasis accumulating group were higher than those in the phlegm-heat accumulating in the lung group（,P,<,0.05），and the phlegm-heat accumulating in the lung group had higher MCHC than the phlegm-blood stasis accumulating group（,P,<,0.05）；MCV and UA of the phlegm-blood stasis accumulating group were higher than those of the lung， spleen and kidney deficiency group（,P,<,0.05）.When comparing Lym#+RDW⁃CV+RDW⁃SD，APTT+D⁃D，TP+NT⁃proBNP between the phlegm-heat accumulating in the lung group and the lung，spleen and kidney deficiency group，the AUC were 0.608，0.585，0.585，and the sensitivity was 81.3%，73.5%，78.0%，the specificity was 35.4%，43.5%，37.6%，respectively；MCV+MCHC+RDW⁃SD，D⁃D，UA+NT⁃proBNP were compared in the phlegm-heat accumulating in the lung group and the phlegm-blood stasis accumulating group.At the time，the AUC were 0.606，0.574，0.629，the sensitivity was 73.4%，65.4%，72.8%，and the specificity was 46.6%，53.8%，46.7%，respectively；when comparing the phlegm-blood stasis accumulating group and the lung，spleen and kidney deficiency group，the AUC were 0.571 and 0.588，the sensitivity was 30.2%，60.9%，and the specificity was 83.6% and 56.0%，respectively.,Conclusion,2,Lym#，TP，RDW⁃CV，RDW⁃SD，APTT，D⁃D，NT⁃proBNP，MCV，UA and MCHC have statistical differences among different TCM syndrome types in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD，and have certain differential diagnosis value for different syndromes.