Objective

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To observe the evolution pattern of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome after radiofrequency ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Methods

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Ninety patients with atrial fibrillation who were hospitalized in the Department of Cardiology， Dongfang Hospital， Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to January 2023 were treated with radiofrequency ablation. Relevant data were collected preoperatively， 1 week postoperatively and 1 month postoperatively， and the TCM syndrome were analyzed.

Results

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Distribution of TCM syndrome： Qi deficiency， Yin deficiency， blood stasis， phlegm， blood deficiency， Qi stagnation，Yang deficiency， and fire heat in order before RF ablation， Qi deficiency， Yin deficiency， blood stasis， phlegm， blood deficiency， Qi stagnation， fire heat， and Yang deficiency in order one week after surgery， and Qi deficiency， Yin deficiency， blood stasis， Yang deficiency， blood deficiency， Qi stagnation， phlegm， and fire heat in order one month after surgery. Evolution of TCM syndrome： blood stasis and fire-heat increased significantly one week after surgery， and blood stasis， phlegm and fire-heat decreased significantly at one month after surgery compared with one week after surgery， and phlegm decreased significantly compared with the preoperative period. Combination of TCM syndrome： preoperative and one month postoperative were dominated by two TCM syndrome combinations， followed by single TCM syndrome and three TCM syndrome combinations； one week postoperative were dominated by two TCM syndrome combinations， followed by three TCM syndrome combinations and single TCM syndrome. Cluster analysis results： Yang deficiency-phlegm-qi deficiency， qi stagnation-blood stasis， and yin deficiency-fire heat-blood deficiency in the preoperative period and one month postoperatively， and blood stasis-phlegm-yang deficiency-qi deficiency， qi stagnation， and yin deficiency-fire heat-blood deficiency one week postoperatively.

Conclusion

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Atrial fibrillation patients before and after radiofrequency ablation had a clear pattern of evolution of TCM syndrome； qi deficiency and yin deficiency were present throughout the whole period， blood stasis and fire-heat worsened at 1 week after surgery， and phlegm was improved markedly at 1 month after surgery； the pathogenesis of blood stasis was the most typical， and stasis of blood was easy to be combined with deficiency of yang qi and phlegm in the 1-week period after surgery， while stagnation of qi and blood stasis was the main pathogenesis of the disease in the preoperative period and the 1-month period after surgery.