Objective To observe the effects of Modified Changpu Yujin Decoction on blood-brain barrier permeability and the contents of IL-6,IL-1β in brain of rats with acute-and-chronic liver failure（ ACLF）. Methods 30 Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group,model group and Modified Changpu Yujin Decoction group（ administration group）,the model rats of hepatic fibrosis were induced by human serum albumin,and then treated with D-Gal N/LPS combined with intraperitoneal injection to establish acute and chronic hepatic failure rat model. After the modeling was completed, the administration group was treated with Modified Changpu Yujin Decoction for 5 days before the attack. The normal group and the model group were treated with 0. 9% sodium chloride injection for 5 days. And all groups were put to death 8 hours after the acute attack. HE staining and electron microscopy were used to observe the pathological changes of liver and brain in each group. The expression of Interleukin-6（ IL-6） and interleukin-1β（ IL-1β） were detected by ELISA and Caveolin-1,ZO-1 and P-glycoprotein（ P-gp） were detected by Western blot in brain of each group. Results Compared with the model group,Modified Changpu Yujin Decoction could reduce neuronal damage and cerebral vascular edema,decreased the expression of IL-6 and IL-1β in brain tissue of ACLF rats（ P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01）,and decreased the expression of Caveolin-1,P-gp and ZO-1 in the brain（ P < 0. 05）. Conclusion The Modified Changpu Yujin Decoction could have protective effect on the neuron and alleviate microvascular edema. The possible mechanism could be to open the blood-brain barrier and increase the concentration of drugs in the brain to exert anti-inflammatory effects.