Objective The clinical data of 500 cases of inpatients with ulcerative colitis（UC） were retrospectively investigated and the characteristics of pathogenesis and diagnosis of ulcerative colitis analyzed. Methods The clinical information of the patients with ulcerative colitis were collected from January 2014 to June 2016,the basic information and the diagnosis situation were analyzed retrospectively. Results Among 500 patients,the male-female ratio was 1. 24∶1,the median age was 42 and the average course of the disease was 4. 5 years. There were 458 patients（91. 60%） in active and 42 patients（8. 40%） in remission period. Among the patients in active period,most of them were in mild or moderate（77. 07%） situation; and the chronic recurrence was the majority（90. 83%）.The main sites of lesion were located at rectum in 95 cases（20. 74%）,the left colon in 166 cases（36. 24%） and extensive colon in197 cases（43. 01%）. Among the clinical features,the rate of diarrhea was the highest（74. 20%）,the second was abdominal pain（69. 60%） and bloody mucopurulent stool（68. 20%）. In the active period,the frequency of these symptoms was diarrhea（77. 07%）,bloody mucopurulent stool（72. 71%） and abdominal pain（70. 09%）. In addition,44 patients（8. 8%） had parenteral manifestations.Treatment drugs mainly focus on the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine. Among them,herbal medicine were taken orally in 483 cases（96. 60%）,Chinese medicine enema were used in 423 cases（84. 60%）. Western medicine treatment included oral amino salicylate drugs（91. 20%）,external use of it（30. 40%）,probiotics（93. 0%）,glucocorticoids（17. 20%）,immunosuppressive agents（2. 0%） and antibiotics（12. 45%）. Most of the patients were discharged from internal medicine,and 2 cases were treated with operative treatment after ineffectiveness and unsatisfactory result. Conclusions In the past two years,hospitalized patients in our hospital mainly belong to chronic recurrent types in the mild and moderate condition. There are fewer parenteral manifestations and complications and the effect of combination of Chinese and western medicine is better.