Objective To investigate the effects of Jin Li Da（JLD）on mitochondrial biogenesis and insulin sensitivity of skeletal muscle. Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into two groups（12 in normal feeding group and 24 in high fat feeding group）. After six weeks of feeding,6 rats in each group were selected for the high insulin-positive glucose clamp test.After the model were established successfully,the body weight,HOMA-IR,intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test（IPGTT）,glucose infusion rate,GIR and so on were measured.The rest 18 rats of model group were randomly divided into model group,pioglitazone intervention group and JLD intervention group,and continued to be fed for 8 weeks,the body weight,blood fat,intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test,glucose infusion rate,GIR,etc. were measured.The expression levels of TLR2 and the mitochondrial biogenesis index PGC1α,MFN2,NRF-1 and insulin signaling pathway PI3 K,P-AKT and GLUT4 protein levels in skeletal muscle were detected by Western blot.Results ①After 6 weeks of feeding:compared with the normal group,the body weight and HOMA-IR of the model group were significantly increased;The glucose tolerance test（IPGTT）0,5,10,30,60,120 were significantly increased in the model group,and the glucose of model group was increased;in the high insulin-positive glucose clamp test,the glucose infusion rate of GIR was decreased significantly,the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）,which indicated that the rats in the model group had obvious insulin resistance.②After 14 weeks of feeding:compared with the model group,the weight and blood fat were decreased in pioglitazone intervention group and the JLD intervention group,the blood sugar in IPGTT 0,5,10,30,60,120 respectively decreased,and the GIR increased significantly,and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）,suggesting that JLD and pioglitazone can improve insulin sensitivity in hyperlipidemic rats.③After 14 weeks of feeding:compared with the model group,the mitochondrial biogenesis indexes,PGC1α,MFN2,NRF-1 and the level of insulin signaling pathway PI3 K,P-AKT and GLUT4 were increased,and the expression level of TLR2 protein in skeletal muscle was decreased in the JLD intervention group and pioglitazone intervention group,and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion JLD and pioglitazone could promote skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and improve insulin sensitivity.