Objective Network pharmacology can show the characteristics of TCM compound prescriptions with multi-component, multi-target and overall synergistic action and provide a new strategy for the mechanism study of TCM compound prescriptions.Methods In this study, Banxia Xiexin Decoction, a classical prescription to treat chronic atrophic gastritis with definite clinical effect, was observed as a subject.First, the chemical constituents and corresponding drug targets of Banxia Xiexin Decoction were obtained by using the integrated pharmacological database of TCM（TCMIP）.Then,chronic atrophic gastritis disease targets were obtained through Human Phenotype Ontology database.The target interaction network was constructed based on protein interaction network（PPI）database, and a candidate target of Banxia Xiexin Decoction for chronic atrophic gastritis was obtained.Finally, GO function analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of candidate targets were conducted, and the possible biological pathways and processes of Banxia Xiexin Decoction in the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis were concluded through literature studies.Results Firstly, 420 chemical constituents in the compound were obtained, 1228 predictive targets of drug action were predicted, and the target interaction network of Chinese herbal medicine was constructed and the corresponding GO and KEGG enrichment analysis Results were obtained.Secondly, five disease targets were combined with the predictive targets of Chinese herbal medicine, and the candidate targets of Banxia Xiexin Decoction for chronic atrophic gastritis were predicted.The molecular networks of Chinese herbal medicine-candidate targets contained in Banxia Xiexin Decoction and related molecular networks of Banxia Xiexin Decoction-candidate targets-chronic atrophic gastritis were constructed.The Results showed that Banxia Xiexin Decoction played an important role in regulating the expression of autoimmune factors, reducing inflammation, nerve growth factor, regulating gastrointestinal motility, protecting gastric mucosa, energy metabolism, improving immunity, regulating cholinergic nerve and inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells.Conclusion The results of network pharmacological analysis combined with the literature of Banxia Xiexin Decoction on chronic atrophic gastritis suggest that the mechanism of action of Banxia Xiexin Decoction may be related to some biological pathways, such as interleukin, cyclooxygenase-2, MAPK cascade and ERK phosphorylation.