Objective To discuss the characteristics of TCM patterns and syndromes of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis so as to enrich TCM theory for the treatment of this disease and provide the evidence for syndrome differentiation and treatment.Methods TCM syndromes of 208 patients with CWP were collected,investigated and statistically analyzed.Results The syndrome factors of workers’ pneumoconiosis included qi deficiency,heat（fire）,exogenous wind,phlegm,blood stagnation,exogenous cold,deficiency of Yin,and endogenous damp.The locations of the illness are the lung,spleen and kidney.After differentiation of the patterns,TCM syndrome identified ten patterns: deficiency of lung qi,attack of lung by wind and heat,stagnation of blood,blockage of lung by phlegm heat,deficiency of spleen qi,attack of lung by wind and cold,blockage of lung by phlegm damp,deficiency of lung Yin,deficiency of Yin of kidney,and exterior cold and lung heat.Using cluster analysis of symptoms,seven kinds of patterns were identified: deficiency syndrome of lung qi,accumulation of phlegm heat in the lung,obstruction of lung by phlegm damp,attack of lung by wind and heat,stagnation of blood,deficiency of kidney Yin,and deficiency of spleen qi.When acute infection is complicated,the accompanied TCM syndrome types include blockage of the lung by phlegm heat,and blockage of the lung by wind and heat.Conclusion CWP is manifested by deficiency in the root and excess in the secondary condition.Deficiency of lung qi is the main root.Patients with CWP are liable to be infected by exogenous wind and cold.By means of cluster analysis,the main characteristics of TCM syndromes of CWP can be revealed to some extent.