Objective To observe the effect of Shufeng Jiedu Capsules（SFJDC）on the expression of serumCD3,+, CD4,+,/CD8,+, of rats with acute pharyngitis（AP）. Methods Seventy rats were randomly divided into seven groups, 10 rats in each group（half male and half female）, including blank control group, model group, placebo group, clarithromycin sustained-release tablet group, SFJDC high, medium and low dose groups. AP rat model was prepared with the method of pharyngeal spray and ammonia modeling. After the success of 3-day modeling, from the fourth days on, SFJDC was given intragastric administration of 2.2, 1.1 and 0.55 g/（kg·d）respectively. The clarithromycin sustained release tablets group was given clarithromycin sustained release tablets 20 mg/（kg·d）, and the placebo group was given the same amount of distilled water with intragastric administration twice a day, all continuously for 5 days. The general situation of rats in each group was observed, and the expression of CD3,+, CD4,+,/CD8,+, in serum T lymphocyte subsets was detected. Results By observing the changes of rats’ behavior and pathological sections comparison score, there was found a significant statistical difference between the model group and the blank control group（P,<,0.05）, which indicated a successful modelling of AP rats. Compared with the placebo group, there were no differences in the mean CD3,+, of the SFJDC high, medium and low dose group and the clarithromycin sustained-release tablet group（P,>,0.05）; the mean CD4,+, of the SFJDC high, medium and low dose group and clarithromycin sustained-release tablet group decreased, but the differences were not statistically significant（P,>,0.05）; the average CD8,+, of the SFJDC high, medium, and low dose groups and the clarithromycin sustained-release tablet group increased, however, only SFJDC high dose group had significant difference（P,<,0.01）; the CD4,+,/CD8,+, mean values of the SFJDC high,medium dose groups and the clarithromycin sustained-release tablet group decreased, and there were significant differences（P,<,0.05,P,<,0.01）. Compared with the clarithromycin sustained-release tablet group, the CD3,+, and CD8,+, of the SFJDC high dose group were better than the clarithromycin sustained-release tablet group, and the differences were statistically significant（P,<,0.05）.Conclusion SFJDC has a better therapeutic effect on AP rats. The mechanism of SFJDC in treating AP may be that it has immunity-regulating effect by adjusting the ratio of CD3,+, CD4,+,/CD8,+, of serum T lymphocyte subsets.