objective To investigate the mechanism of Yangxue Antai Recipe acting on recurrent spontaneous abortion with kidney deficiency and blood stasis via TGF-β/Smad pathway.Methods A mouse model of recurrent spontaneous abortion with kidney deficiency and blood stasis was established.HE staining was used to endometrial morphology, and western blot and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR were utilized to detect the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF） and TGF-β/Smad pathways in the normal group, model group and the high, medium and low dose groups.Results Compared with the model group, the expression levels of VEGF, TGF-β and Smad3 of the high-dose group of Yangxue Antai Recipe were significantly increased（P<0.05）.Conclusion Yangxue Antai Recipe can promote the expression of VEGF in endometrium through TGF-β/Smad pathway, and its effect is positively correlated with the dose, suggesting that Yangxue Antai Recipe for recurrent spontaneous abortion may be associated with increased vascular permeability, improvement of microcirculation disorder and regulation of placenta implantation.