Objective To explore the correlation between TCM classification of deficiency syndrome and cardiac structure, function and blood NT-proBNP in elderly patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy（LVH）.Methods 118 cases of elderly patients with hypertension LVH were divided into Yin deficiency group, Yang deficiency group and Yin and Yang deficiency group according to TCM syndrome differentiation.The indexes of Cardiac Ultrasonic structure（LAD,LVEDD,LVMI）,cardiac function（EF,FS,E/a）and blood NT proBNP levels in each group were compared.Results Ultrasonic structural index of heart: compared with Yin deficiency group, LVEDD and LVMI of yin and yang deficiency group and yang deficiency group increased, and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）; compared with Yin deficiency group, LAD of yin yang deficiency group had upward tendency.Compared with Yang deficiency group, LVMI in the Yin and Yang deficiency group showed an upward trend, and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.Heart function index: compared with Yin deficiency group, E/A of yin and and yang deficiency group and Yang deficiency group decreased, NT proBNP increased, the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）; compared with Yin deficiency group, and EF/FS of the Yin and Yang deficiency group decreased; compared with Yang deficiency group, NT proBNP of Yin Yang deficiency group increased, and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.Conclusion Left ventricular dilatation and left ventricular hypertrophy are more significant in elderly hypertensive LVH patients with deficiency syndrome than those with Yin deficiency syndrome; left atrial enlargement may suggest an cardiac structural manifestation of heart Yang damage in elderly hypertensive LVH patients, and left ventricular mass index may indicate the duration of heart yang deficiency; NT proBNP can reflect the deterioration of heart function, and indirectly indicate the evolution and damage degree of heart Yang deficiency in TCM pathogenesis of hypertension LVH.