Objective To investigate the effect of Bushen Huoxue Recipe on the expression of CD34,integrin ανβ3 and leukocyte inhibitory factor（ LIF） in endometrium of rats with thin endometrium treated by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells（ BMSCs）transplantation. Methods BMSCs were isolated from femur bone marrow of male SD rats aged 6 ～ 8 weeks. BMSCs were purified by whole bone marrow adherent method. The cells of passage 3 with high purity were transplanted into the experimental rats by tail vein（ IV） and intrauterine（ IU） injection respectively. Female SD rats were perfused with 95% absolute ethanol and intrauterine injection of hydroxyurea plus high molecular dextran via tail vein to establish the model of kidney deficiency and blood stasis. The experimental rats were divided into control group,model group,positive control group,BMSCs + IV group,BMSCs + IU group,BMSCs + IV +traditional Chinese medicine group and BMSCs + IU + traditional Chinese medicine group; each group was intervened by corresponding Methods,and then the rats were sacrificed after three estrous cycles. The expression of vascular endothelial cell marker protein CD34,endometrial receptive marker integrin ανβ3 and LIF were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Results BMSCs + IV group,BMSCs + IU group,BMSCs + IV + traditional Chinese medicine group and BMSCs + IU + traditional Chinese medicine group could all increase the expression of CD34,integrin ανβ3 and LIF in endometrium to a certain extent（ P < 0. 05）; the expression of integrin ανβ3 in the tail vein injection group was significantly higher than that in the intrauterine injection group（ P < 0. 01）. There were significant differences in the expression of CD34,integrin ανβ3 by immunohistochemistry and the expression of integrin ανβ3 and LIF detected by Western blot among BMSCs + IV group,BMSCs + IU group,BMSCs + IV + traditional Chinese medicine groupand BMSCs + IU + traditional Chinese medicine group（ P < 0. 05）. Conclusion The expression of integrin ανβ3 increased by tail vein injection was higher than that by intrauterine injection; combined with Bushen Huoxue Decoction,the expression of integrin ανβ3 and LIF showed a better efficacy.