Objective,2,To explore the protective effect of TiaoganQuzhi Formula（regulatingliver andreducing fat） on nonalcoholic fatty liver （NAFLD） by microRNA-34a （miR-34a） /silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog-1（SIRT1）/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor （PPARα） signaling pathway.,Methods,2,Forty SD rats were selected and randomly divided into a control group， a model group， a low-dose TiaoganQuzhi group， and a high-dose TiaoganQuzhi group， with ten rats in each group. The control group was fed with normal feed， while other groups were fed with high-fat feed to establish a nonalcoholic fatty liver model. The low and high dose TiaoganQuzhi groups were given 9.045 g/kg and 36.18 g/kg drugs respectively after modeling， with the volume of 1 mL/100 g， and the normal group and model group were given same volume of distilled water. Rats were gavaged once a day for 8 weeks. The pathological changes of liver hematoxylin-eosin（HE）， blood lipids and liver function indicators in each group were compared， and miR-34a， SIRT1 and PPARα gene expression in liver tissueweredetected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） method.,Results,2,After modeling， the control group showed good mental health， sensitive response and generally good condition. Other groups showed symptoms such as mental exhaustion and decreased activity. After intervention， the general state of treatment group rats were improved. Liver of the control group was shiny and ruddy， without obvious congestion or edema by visual observation. HE showed regular arrangement of liver cells， and liver cord was clear. The model group showed liver tissue pale with congestion and edema in visible， and liver HE showed disordered arrangement of liver cells with fatty vacuolar degeneration. The treatment group showed improvement in liver observation. Compared with the control group， the model group had higher levels of total cholesterol （TC）， triglyceride （TG）， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） （,P,<,0.01）， while lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）（,P,<,0.01）. Compared with the model group， the levels of TC， TG， LDL-C in each TiaoganQuzhi dose group of were low， and the levels of HDL-C were high. The above indicators in TiaoganQuzhi high-dose group of were statistically significant compared with the model group （,P,<,0.05）. Compared with the control group， the levels of alanine transaminase （ALT）and aspartate transaminase （AST） in model group were higher （,P,<,0.01）. Compared with the model group， the levels of ALT and AST in each TiaoganQuzhi dose group were lower， and the above indicators in the TiaoganQuzhi high-dose group had statistical significance compared with the model group （,P,<,0.05）. Compared with the control group， the model group showed higher expression of miR-34a （,P,<,0.05） and lower expression of SIRT1 and PPARα genes （,P,<,0.05）. Compared with the model group， the expression of miR-34a was lower in each TiaoganQuzhi dose group， while the expression of SIRT1 and PPARα genes was higher. Moreover， there was a statistically significant difference in the above indicators between the TiaoganQuzhi high-dose group and the model group （,P,<,0.05）.,Conclusion,2,TiaoganQuzhi Formula can reduce miR-34a expression， increase SIRT1/PPARα expression， regulate blood lipids and liver function， and improve liver cell degeneration in NAFLD rats.