Objective,2,To explore the application of Shaoyao Siwu Jieji Decoction after tonsillectomy with adenoidectomy in children with tonsil and adenoid hypertrophy of blood deficiency.,Methods,2,A total of 120 children with blood deficiency syndrome who underwent tonsillectomy with adenoidectomy were randomly divided into Chinese medicine treatment group and western medicine control group according to 1∶1 ratio. The Chinese medicine treatment group was given orally Shaoyao Siwu Jieji Decoction after operation， and the western medicine control group was given intravenous injection of cefuroxime sodium after operation once every 8 hours for one week.The postoperative fever， changes of laboratory indexes before and after operation， facial expression pain scale （FPS-R） score， pseudomembrane in operation area and TCM syndrome score were observed and compared between the two groups.,Results,2,The moderate fever rate of the treatment group was lower than that of the control group（,P,<,0.05），The duration of fever days was shorter than that of the control group（,P,<,0.05）. After treatment， the white blood cell count （WBC） and C-reactive protein concentration in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group on the first day and third day after operation and the differences were statistically significant （P,<,0.05）， and the differences between the two groups were also statistically significant（,P,<,0.05）.After operation， the FPS-R scores of both groups were higher than those before operation （P,<,0.05）， and the observation group was lower than the control group（,P,<,0.05）. The time of pseudomembrane shedding in the control group was later than that in the treatment group.After operation， the scores of TCM syndromes in the two groups were lower than those before operation（,P,<,0.05）.There was no significant difference between the two groups（,P,>,0.05）.The scores of dizziness， fatigue and stool obstruction syndrome in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group， and the difference was statistically significant（,P,<,0.05）. There was a statistically significant difference in total score of TCM syndrome score between the two groups （,P,<,0.05）.,Conclusion,2,The application of Shaoyao Siwu Jieji Decoction after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy in children with blood deficiency can reduce or avoid the adverse reactions after tonsillectomy and promote the postoperative rehabilitation of children.