Objective

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To explore the correlation between the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndromes and comorbidities in patients with hypertension.

Methods

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A total of 1 437 patients diagnosed with hypertension at Wangsiying Community Health Service Center in Chaoyang District， Beijing， from January to December 2021 were selected. The primary TCM syndromes associated with hypertension， including liver fire hyperactivity syndrome， yin deficiency and yang hyperactivity syndrome， phlegm-dampness accumulation syndrome， liver and kidney yin deficiency syndrome， spleen and kidney deficiency syndrome， qi and blood deficiency syndrome， qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome， and kidney yang deficiency syndrome， were determined by reviewing relevant literature， epidemiological reports， and consulting experts. Correspondence analysis between TCM syndromes and comorbidities in patients with hypertension was performed using SAS 9.4 statistical software.

Results

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Among the 1 437 confirmed cases of hypertension， the top three syndromes were phlegm-dampness accumulation syndrome （243 cases）， spleen and kidney deficiency syndrome （201 cases）， and kidney yang deficiency syndrome （179 cases）. Hypertension combined with coronary heart disease was most closely related to qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome， with a correlation distance of 0.040 74. Hypertension combined with dyslipidemia was most closely related to liver fire hyperactivity syndrome， with a correlation distance of 0.054 61. Hypertension combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus was most closely related to liver fire hyperactivity syndrome， with a correlation distance of 0.046 07. Hypertension combined with cerebrovascular disease was most closely related to qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome， with a correlation distance of 0.114 62. Hypertension combined with hyperuricemia was most closely related to yin deficiency and yang hyperactivity syndrome， with a correlation distance of 0.259 70.

Conclusion

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Different comorbidities have specific impacts on the syndromes of hypertension. Clinicians should consider the overall condition of patients and apply scientific and precise syndrome differentiation.